How To Obtain A Divorce By Publication in New York:
If you are unaware of your spouse’s whereabouts and cannot serve them with any papers at all, you can still get divorced through a process called divorce by publication. This option is not for people who can let their spouse’s know, somehow, that they have filed for divorce. That option is called divorce by default. This is the last resort for those married people who cannot reach their spouses, even to let them know that you are filing for divorce.
The process requires a judge’s permission. Once you have obtained the okay from the judge, you must then publish the summons for divorce in a newspaper. The idea is that your spouse, or someone they know, will read the summons and they may respond to the divorce.